Ram says if Aman has 50% more money than Sohan, then Sohan has 50% less than Aman — the two are…

Why

Ram's assuming '50% more' and '50% less' must cancel to the same gap — but each percent is measured from a DIFFERENT person, so they don't match. Try numbers: let Sohan have Rs 100. Aman with 50% more has Rs 150. Now go the other way — how much less is Sohan than Aman? The gap is Rs 50, but measured against AMAN's 150, that's 50/150 = one-third, about 33%, not 50%. The 'more' was reckoned on Sohan's 100; the 'less' is reckoned on Aman's larger 150, so the same rupee gap is a smaller share. Percentages always need 'percent OF what'. Test: a shirt marked up 50% then discounted 50% doesn't return to its price, for the very same reason. Ram's not right: 50% more one way is only about 33% less the other, because the two percents sit on different bases.